The Hagia Sophia

Discover Hagia Sophia: A Blend of Byzantine Brilliance and Islamic Heritage in Istanbul

Historical Background of the Hagia Sophia Built in 537 AD under Byzantine Emperor Justinian I, the Hagia Sophia was initially a cathedral, the largest of its time, symbolizing the heart of Orthodox Christianity for nearly 1,000 years. In 1453, following the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople, it was converted into a mosque by Sultan Mehmed II. […]

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Ulugh Beg

Ulugh Beg, Astronomer Prince and the Scientific Legacy of the Timurid Empire

Introduction Ulugh Beg (1394–1449), a Timurid prince, was one of the most notable figures in the history of medieval science. Known as a statesman, scholar, and astronomer, his contributions to the field of astronomy during the Islamic Golden Age significantly shaped the development of both Islamic and Western science. His construction of the observatory in […]

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